Hall sensor for VAZ 2110: how to check and replace it yourself?

01/18/2021 9,467 VAZ 2110

Author: Ivan Baranov

The Hall sensor (camshaft position sensor) is an important element on cars with fuel injection. If it fails, then the car can no longer be started. To avoid such an unpleasant surprise along the way, you need to monitor what condition it is in and change it in time. The article describes how to check the Hall sensor, signs of a malfunction, and also provides step-by-step instructions on how to replace the device on a VAZ 2110 injector.

The Hall sensor is an integral part of the distributor and is a magnetically conductive plate with a number of slots equal to the number of cylinders in the power unit. As the shaft rotates, metal plates pass through a slot in the device. As a result, a pulse voltage arises, which is transmitted to the coil, where it is converted into a higher voltage and supplied to the spark plugs.

The device is equipped with three terminals:

• one is connected to the vehicle’s ground and is “negative”;
• the second is a plus with a supply voltage of 6 V;
• from the third, a pulse signal is transmitted to the switch.

Hall sensor for car [Hide]

The principle of operation of the sensor and its features

In its operation, the sensor uses the physical Hall effect, discovered in the 19th century. However, they began to use it only in the 70-80s of the last century, when automakers began to switch from contact ignition systems to electronic ones.

The principle of operation of the sensor is quite simple. As the motor shaft rotates, metal blades pass through slots in the motor housing. It gives an electrical impulse to the switch, as a result of which the latter unlocks the transistor and supplies voltage to the ignition coil. It, in turn, converts the low-voltage signal into a high-voltage one and supplies it to the spark plug.

Structurally, the sensor has three contacts:

• for connection to “ground” (car body);
• to connect voltage with a “+” sign and a value of about 6 V;
• to supply a pulse signal from it to the switch.

The advantages of using a Hall sensor in electronic ignition systems are two main factors - the absence of a contact group (which constantly burns out), as well as a higher voltage on the spark plug (30 kV versus 15 kV).

Since Hall sensors are also used in braking and anti-lock braking systems and tachometer operation, the device performs the following additional functions for the car:

• increases engine performance;
• speeds up the functioning of all machine systems.

As a result, the ease of use of the car, as well as its safety, increases.

Hall sensor for VAZ 2107

Hall sensor for VAZ 2109

Hall sensor for VAZ 2110

Fan sensor

This device is designed to activate the fan that cools the power unit. This sensor on the VAZ 2110 has strengths:

• It is very reliable because it includes a solid filler in its design. At elevated temperatures it expands;
• The design also provides for a spring-loaded lever, which prevents defects from occurring;
• The sensor does not allow sparks to occur;
• By purchasing a high-quality regulator, you can forget about replacing it for many years.

Signs of a Hall sensor malfunction

Sensor failures manifest themselves in different ways . Identifying them can sometimes be difficult even for an experienced master. Here are some of the most common symptoms and problems with the Hall sensor:

• starts poorly or does not start at all;
• occurrence of interruptions in engine operation at idle speed;
• “jerking” of the car when driving at high speeds;
• The engine stalls while the car is moving.

If your machine has one or more of these symptoms, it is imperative to check the sensor.

Speed ​​sensor

This sensor is designed to transmit readings to the engine ECU about the speed of the vehicle. It is involved in adjusting the engine speed when driving, namely, if the car is rolling in neutral, you will notice that the speed is slightly higher than the idle speed when the car is standing still. The DS is also responsible for the performance of the speedometer and odometer.

Signs of malfunction:

• Inoperative speedometer or odometer;
• There are no increased speeds when driving in neutral gear;

How to check the Hall sensor

There are several verification methods . Briefly, they work like this:

Checking the serviceability of the hall sensor (diagram)

• Creating a simulation of the presence of a Hall sensor . This method of checking is the fastest and is suitable if there is power at the ignition system components, but there is no spark. For this purpose, the three-pin block is removed from the distributor. Next, you need to turn on the car’s ignition and connect (short with a piece of wire) outputs 3 and 2 (negative pin and signal contact). If during this process a spark appears , it means the sensor has failed . Please note that in order to detect sparking, you need to hold the high-voltage wire near ground.
• Checking the Hall sensor with a multimeter is the most common method. For this check, a multimeter (tester) is used. To do this, it is enough to measure the voltage at the output of the sensor. If it is working properly, then the voltage should be within 0.4. 11 V.
• Replacing a faulty device with a known working one . You can borrow it from friends who have a car with the same sensor. If after replacement the problems that bother you disappear, you will have to buy and replace the Hall sensor with a new one.

Oxygen sensor (OS)

The VAZ 2110 oxygen sensor is installed in the exhaust manifold. The DC measures the exhaust gases and uses their readings to determine the ratio in which the fuel mixture is formed. If the readings exceed the permissible values, the ECU adjusts the air-fuel mixture in such an amount that the exhaust gases do not exceed the permissible values.

Signs of malfunction:

• Increased fuel consumption;
• Loss of vehicle dynamics;
• Black smoke when driving at high speeds;

Hall sensor replacement

Replacing the Hall sensor VAZ 2109

Let's consider the process of replacing the Hall sensor on a VAZ 2109 car . This procedure is simple and does not cause difficulties even for novice car enthusiasts. Its algorithm is as follows:

• The first step is to remove the distributor from the car.
• After this, the distributor cover is dismantled. Next, you need to align the marks of the timing mechanism and the crankshaft mark.
• Then the fasteners are dismantled using a wrench. At the same time, do not forget to mark and remember the location of the distributor.
• If there are latches or stoppers in the housing, they must also be removed.
• At the next stage, remove the shaft from the distributor.
• Next, disconnect the Hall sensor terminals and unscrew the mounting bolts.
• The sensor is removed through the resulting gap.
• Installation of a new Hall sensor is carried out in the reverse order.

Replacement procedure

If checks show that your element no longer performs its previous functions, you will have to replace it with a new one. This is done quite simply.

Unscrew

You need to follow the sequence of actions, which will allow you to carry out the replacement yourself without unnecessary problems and financial costs.

1. Remove the distributor from your car and remove its cover.
2. Remove the slider. To do this, you need to pull it up a little.
3. Remove the black cover. On the VAZ 2110 it is usually made of plastic.
4. Remove the bolt that holds the plug.
5. Remove the plug itself.
6. Unscrew the mounting bolts that hold the hall sensor plate.
7. Remove the fasteners securing the vacuum manifold.
8. Remove the retaining ring.
9. Remove the rod and corrector from the structure.
10. Next you will find a clamp that needs to be pulled apart to remove the wires.
11. Now the support plate is removed.
12. Two bolts hold the hall sensor. They need to be unscrewed, which will allow you to remove the meter and put a new one in its place. Perform the assembly procedure strictly in the reverse order of dismantling.

If you find primary signs of a malfunction, we strongly do not recommend delaying repairs. Complete the check as quickly as possible.

If the check shows that the meter is faulty, follow the procedure for dismantling it, and also select a quality spare part.

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Powertrain heating meter

A device for measuring the coolant temperature of the VAZ-2110 is built into the pipe located on the right side of the engine. The sensor body, which is a thermistor, is in direct contact with the antifreeze. The more the engine and coolant warm up, the more the resistance of this device drops. The controller, which supplies an electrical signal to it, calculates the engine temperature depending on the magnitude of the voltage drop and takes the following actions:

Phase sensor (PF)

This sensor is necessary for counting camshaft revolutions; its functions are similar to those of the DPKV. Designed for phased fuel injection; without this sensor, the internal combustion engine will operate in emergency mode and the fuel supply will switch to pairwise mode.

It is installed under the timing cover on 16-valve engines, and on 8-valve engines on the end of the cylinder head on top of the thermostat.

Signs of malfunction:

• Increased fuel consumption;
• Unstable work at XX;
• Loss of dynamics;

Air flow control

The location of the mass air flow sensor (MAF) is on the air duct running from the filter to the throttle valve. The device consists of 3 elements located inside the air flow. The first one measures the temperature of the incoming stream, and the other 2 heat up to a certain degree. The stronger the flow passing through the air sensors of the VAZ-2110, the more intensely they are cooled. The controller that supplies the voltage determines the air flow by the energy spent on heating the 2 elements in relation to the temperature of the first meter.

There is another design of the MAF device with a silicon mesh and two elements; it operates on the same principle. The marking of the first type is 2112-1130010, the second - 21083-1130010. Receiving signals from these devices, the processor makes a calculation and changes the duration of fuel injection for the VAZ-2110. The following signs indicate a sensor failure:

• the engine stalls when switching from high speed to idle;
• unstable operation at idle;
• difficulties arise when starting the engine;
• increased fuel consumption.

Replacing the mass air flow sensor control device is not difficult; you need to disconnect the wires, remove the old sensor from the air duct and install a new one.

Main set of sensors for 16-valve VAZ-2112 engines

The ECU must control many parameters at once. The most important information will be the position of the crankshaft. You can turn off all sensors except the DPKV, and this will not lead to the engine stopping.

Sensors connected to the ECU

Let's list all the elements one by one:

• 15 – DTOZH. A resistor screwed into the thermostat housing. The temperature of the antifreeze is determined;
• 17 – DPRV, also known as DF (phase sensor). The operating principle is the Hall effect. The position of the camshaft is controlled. Check it out here.;
• 20 – TPS. Resistor fixed to the throttle assembly 19. The angle of deflection of the throttle valve is measured;
• 21 – Mass air flow sensor. Sensor connected to the filter housing. Controls air flow; the main signs of its malfunction are discussed here;
• 22 – IAC. Not a sensor, but a regulator (electromagnet). Used in idle mode. About its testing and diagnostics here. About replacing the IAC here.;
• 24 – lambda probe or oxygen sensor (see above);
• 25 – speed sensor. Fixed in the gearbox slot. Operating principle – Hall effect;
• 26 – DPKV. Electromagnetic sensor. The position of the crankshaft is controlled;
• 27 – DD (knock sensor). A piezoelectric element mounted on the outer wall of the cylinder block.

Let's take a look at how all the elements look in real life. Shown are pictures of VAZ-2112 sensors (16-valve internal combustion engine).

Each element will be easy to find under the hood

Everything said above is true for two engines at once - for units 21124 and 21120 (1.6 and 1.5 l).

You cannot unscrew the DTOZH sensor without draining the coolant. And to disconnect the sensor means to disconnect the connector, but not to dismantle the sensor itself.

Where is which sensor located - engine compartment diagram

Let's look at another picture.

Engine compartment and engine 21124

It is important to understand where the following elements are located:

1. DPKV;
2. Lambda probe;
3. Speed ​​sensor;
4. RXX;
5. TPDZ;
6. DMRV;
7. DTOZH.

The location of the phase sensor is indicated in the previous chapter.

Never unscrew the speed sensor. It will be difficult to install it in a way that maintains a seal.

Determining the position of the crankshaft

The task of this element is to determine the location of the pistons, along which the controller produces a spark in one or another cylinder. On VAZ-2110 cars, the 8-valve injector and subsequent models, the sensor is located near the crankshaft toothed pulley. In earlier dozens with a carburetor, the devices could be located inside a mechanical ignition distributor. Then they were called Hall sensors and controlled the position of the pistons by rotating the camshaft.

The device is a magnet with a small coil that generates electrical impulses when a metal mass approaches, the role of which is played by the teeth of a pulley.

The magnetic Hall meter of the VAZ-2110 is the most important element in engine operation, and if the sensor fails, the engine will not even start.

Fortunately, the device is very reliable and operates for a long time. Replacement is simple and does not require a description.

Where is?

Replacing the radiator of the VAZ 2110 stove with your own hands

On VAZ-2109 cars with a carburetor, the Hall sensor is mounted in the ignition distributor housing. It works due to the fact that the distributor has a half-cylinder-shaped screen in its design. Its side surface has windows - slots. When the metal part of this half-cylinder passes near the active part of the sensor, an impulse is sent to the electronic switch. As soon as a window appears on the device, the pulse is interrupted.

The Hall sensor of the VAZ-2109 is supplied with a voltage of 12 V, but the current consumption is extremely low. It is only enough to open the semiconductor located in the switch. The latter amplifies the signal and feeds it to a coil, which is a step-up transformer. As a result, more than 20 kV is obtained from 12 Volts. True, the current decreases significantly. Therefore, a spark does not pose a danger to human life. But if you get such an electric shock, then it’s still not very pleasant.