When planning to purchase a new set of wheels for your car, you should never forget about the importance of wheel bolt patterns. A bolt pattern is a combination of various measured characteristics that allow you to select the appropriate set that fully matches the characteristics of a particular vehicle. To take measurements, you can use tools and do the work yourself. An alternative is special compatibility tables. Car owners who have only recently started operating their cars on their own do not fully understand the complexity of choosing wheels for their vehicle. The kits can differ significantly from each other and be intended for completely different cars, although externally it is extremely difficult to find the difference between them.
Method for determining the bolt pattern of wheel rims.
What it is
Wheel rim bolt pattern is a list of all wheel parameters that you need to know to select new equipment.
This list includes:
- the number of holes intended for fastening elements (marked with the letters LZ). In most cases, a passenger vehicle has 3 to 6 mounting holes for fixing the wheel, and a freight vehicle has from 12 to 15 pieces. An even number of studs (4 pieces) is available on almost all VAZ cars, with the exception of the Niva and all middle-class models
- distance between mounting holes
- PCD or diameter of the circle along which the holes for fasteners are located
- diameter of the hub (central) window (marking – DIA)
- wheel rim offset degree (ET). Offset is the distance between the plane of contact of the wheel rim with the hub and the plane passing through the center of the cross section of the rim. Depending on the direction of deviation, the offset can be positive or negative
Overhang amount
Every vehicle owner strives to make the car original and unique with the help of tuning. A lot of effort and time is spent on selecting disks. Some motorists do not look at the standard markings, ignore the requirements and install low-profile wheels, forgetting that any deviations are unacceptable. Mismatched wheel rims lead to the car becoming unsafe and directly threatening the lives of all road users.
After deciding on tuning, you should not immediately run to the store and buy the wheels you like for your car, but you should consider several important selection parameters. You should not count on the help of consultants in the store; many of them are simply incompetent in matters of choice and try to simply sell the part, especially if they notice that you are interested in it.
To avoid waste of money, you must choose a disk strictly according to its parameters. There are a huge number of myths, and many prejudices have absolutely no relation to the real situation.
Motorists are sure that the offset of a wheel rim is the value that denotes the protruding part of the rim above the body of the vehicle. In fact, the parameter carries a slightly different meaning. Any disk in a car has a mating plane that comes into contact with the wheel hub when installing the disk. As a result, the offset is the distance from the mating plane of the disk to the vertical axis of symmetry of the disk.
Do not ignore the departure parameter. He is directly responsible for driving safety in the vehicle. If you choose wheels with the wrong offset, you increase the risk of accidents and premature wear of the main components. Thus, an incorrectly selected parameter can result in premature wear of the suspension.
Basically, motorists, when choosing wheels for their car, can make three common mistakes:
- They blindly believe the stories of consultants, hoping to receive highly qualified assistance in choosing;
- They ignore information about the markings that are applied to the standard disc from the car manufacturer;
- They make a choice only according to the parameters of appearance, color, geometric features, and other aesthetic factors.
In order to purchase a suitable part, it is necessary to correctly calculate the offset parameter:
ET=ab/2
In the formula, the symbol “a” denotes the distance between the inner plane and the part of the disk that is in direct contact with the hub, and the symbol “b” denotes the width of the disk profile. This information is presented more clearly in the figure:
All data for calculating the offset parameter can be measured manually with a millimeter ruler
The result is obtained in millimeters. The offset can be positive, negative, or equal to zero.
If the offset is positive - the axis is slightly shifted from the place of fastening, zero parameter - the axis and plane are completely consistent and fit tightly, negative parameter - the plane is outside the axis.
Most often on cars there is a positive offset value
Video: wheel spacers
What is the danger
Using tires that do not fit the vehicle's design may result in:
- to the formation of errors in measurements of instruments such as speedometer and odometer. The pattern of measuring these devices is as follows: the larger the width of the wheel installed on the vehicle, the greater the maximum speed of the vehicle and the less dynamics of its acceleration and vice versa
- to the occurrence of breakdowns. Larger wheels can lead to steering failure and failure of some components. Broken suspension or problems with the steering wheel can also cause a traffic accident.
- to losing a wheel while driving, which can cause harm not only to your own car, but also to other road users
- to decrease/increase clearance. Installing smaller diameter rims may cause damage to the vehicle due to constant contact with curbs. Increased ground clearance causes additional fuel consumption
Thus, the use of larger or smaller rims will lead to a decrease in the overall level of safety during vehicle operation and a reduction in the service life of the equipment.
Compatibility tables
No one argues with the fact that bolt pattern can be determined independently using the appropriate tools and special formulas for calculations. But in the current conditions there is absolutely no need for this. To facilitate the selection process, there are special compatibility tables for wheel bolt patterns. The motorist only needs to find the table provided for his make and model of car. It is also very easy to determine the correct bolt pattern using the information provided in the official owner's manual. There is data about all sizes, offsets, diameters and much more. Depending on what diameter of wheels and tires the owner wants to use, the manufacturer makes recommendations for each case.
It is important to understand that all cars have their own restrictions regarding minimum and maximum wheel diameters and tire parameters. It is strongly not recommended to go beyond their limits, as this may result in negative changes in the operation of the suspension, increased wear of parts, and also increased fuel consumption.
There are a number of car owners who ignore manufacturers' recommendations and do not take into account information from compatibility tables. Their goal is to save on the purchase of parts. Therefore, they buy discs that are not quite suitable, begin to widen the hub holes, and make additional slots for mounting bolts. Some go further, changing the location of the wheel-to-hub mounting points. And already in this form the product is installed on the vehicle. In theory, such modernizations have a right to exist. But only on the condition that all calculations and work were carried out as accurately as possible. But it is impossible to achieve this using a makeshift method in a garage. If you drill the holes incorrectly, the wheels will start to beat and the hubs will collapse. And the car’s suspension will very quickly become unusable.
Modifying wheels that do not meet the standards of your car if you want to get a result close to the factory one is extremely unprofitable economically. You will have to spend a significant amount of money on the work. It is much cheaper to purchase wheels that are already fully regulated by the manufacturer, the efficiency and performance of which will not be doubted.
Where to look at the disc markings and what they mean
The wheel rim marking is applied directly to the wheel and can be located:
- on the front side
- on the reverse side
- on the rim (extremely rare)
The preferred location for the marking is the back side of the disc, since additional symbols do not spoil the appearance.
Marking location
The marking is applied in accordance with the uniform standards of the European Union UN/ECE 124.
For example, the marking has the following parameters: 7.5J x 15 H2 5x100 ET 40 DIA 54.1. This means that:
- The rim width (distance between the edges of the rim) of the disc is 7.5 inches. This parameter is taken into account when choosing a tire.
- Rim edge shape J. The parameter is determined in accordance with the radius of curvature of the rim, the shape of the contour, the height and angle of inclination of the shelves. Other modifications may be found on other vehicles:
- R
- D
- B
- K
- JK
- JJ and so on
- The mounting diameter (15 inches in the example) determines the radius of the disk. This parameter must fully correspond to the diameter of the tire.
- There are annular projections (H2) on both sides of the rim. Other vehicles may have:
- one projection (H)
- Flat lugs (FH)
- asymmetrical projections (AN) and so on
- The wheel is secured with 5 bolts located on a circle with a diameter of 100 mm.
- The overhang is 40 mm.
- The diameter of the hub window is 54.1 mm.
How to measure the distance between bolts?
The best measuring tool is a caliper. The simplest ones allow you to measure up to 150 mm, and rarely the distance between the bolts is greater. A caliper is precise, and for such measurements, not only millimeters are important, but also tenths. For example, the popular Honda Civic has a distance of 114.3 mm.
Having an even number of holes should not be a problem with this measurement. The distance between the centers of opposite holes is determined, but the center of the hole should not be determined in any way. Simply measure along the inside edge of one hole and the outside of the opposite one. Another way is to measure the distance from the inside edge to the opposite edge and add the hole diameter to the measured value.
Worse with an odd number of holes. However, contrary to appearances, it is not difficult, in turn do as shown below.
Measure three values:
- diameter of the central hole in the rim (let's call it A),
- screw hole diameter (B)
- The distance between the edge of the mounting hole and the edge of the center hole is the nearest edges (C).
If you add up these values (A + B + C) and add the value of C to the sum again, you will get the desired result.
Determining the bolt pattern yourself
If there is no marking on the disk (damaged, worn out, etc.), then the parameters necessary for selection can be measured independently. To carry out the work you will need a ruler or caliper.
The universal measurement method is as follows:
- The number of mounting holes is visually determined.
- Depending on the number of fasteners, a correction factor is selected for further calculations.
Number of holes for wheel mounting | Coefficient value |
3 | 1,155 |
4 | 1,414 |
5 | 1,701 |
6 | 2 |
10 | 3,326 |
- Using a measuring tool, the distance between adjacent mounting holes is determined.
- To determine the diameter of the circle on which the fasteners are located, the resulting distance must be multiplied by a correction factor.
- The diameter of the hub window and the overhang size are determined by a measuring tool.
Car wheel bolt pattern - 1, but the correct way to calculate
Author temass
On
Nov 16, 2017
The simplest and cheapest option for tuning a car is replacing disks. However, we must not forget about safety and technical features. When choosing new products, do not forget about the disc bolt pattern.
What is wheel rim bolt pattern?
The discs are fixed to the hub with special bolts or spokes. This depends on the size and weight of the disks themselves. For light alloy models, spokes are used reliably.
The bolt pattern is the size of the holes that are intended for fastening the discs with bolts, as well as their number.
As a rule, car enthusiasts, especially beginners, do not pay much attention to these parameters and think that the main thing is that the pins fit into the holes.
It should be taken into account that the bolt pattern of wheel rims is different for each car model. The abbreviation PCD is used to denote it.
If you choose the wrong product, this can result in a broken suspension, a loose steering mechanism, or, much worse, a wheel that can fall off while driving.
The parameters of wheel rims are absolutely the same for both cast and stamped products.
The labeling indicates:
- rim width is the first number. Indicated in inches. If there is a letter J next to it, this indicates that the wheels are suitable for single-wheel drive cars. All-wheel drive should look for the letter designation JJ;
- disc diameter (next number) – also measured in inches. The letter value H2 is more for specialists, it means that there are two protrusions on the rim;
- the numbers 4 by 98 are the wheel bolt pattern, where 4 is the number of bolts, and 98 is the size of the holes. These are the minimum values; they range from 4-6 and 98 – 139.7. It is almost impossible to determine these values “by eye”. Even if the difference is only 1-2 mm, it can cause the wheel to misalign.
- Disc offset – indicated in mm. Can be positive (ET30), negative (ET-40) or zero. It must necessarily comply with the manufacturer's recommendations, otherwise the disc may break under the influence of forces acting on the suspension;
- central hole (diameter) - indicated in mm. In passenger cars it can be from 50-70. If this value does not correspond to the dimensions of the landing cylinder, you can always get out of the situation - just purchase spacer wheels and adjust the elements.
How to calculate bolt pattern?
Disc bolt pattern is an important safety factor. If at least one parameter does not meet the manufacturer's requirements, this can lead to accelerated tire wear and also cause problems with the car's handling.
You can find out the wheel rim sizes by car model from special compatibility tables. If this is not possible, you can calculate the parameters yourself. The size of the holes on the disks can be calculated as follows:
- Calculate the number of holes.
- If there are three of them, then you should measure the distance between them and multiply by 1.155. The resulting number will be the diameter size.
- With four fasteners, the length between opposite holes is measured and multiplied by 1.414.
- For five - measure the distance after one and multiply by 1.701.
Is it possible to install wheels with the wrong bolt pattern?
Any vehicle can be equipped with rims of different sizes. Modern craftsmen can perform partial re-equipment of a car in a short time.
However, before deciding whether to choose larger or smaller sizes, all factors must be taken into account, including the risk of damage to the vehicle, as well as a decrease in the level of safety.
The consequences of using wheels of non-standard sizes can be described above.
which cars have a bolt pattern of 4 100 - Autosite
If you already know the size of your car’s rims, then look for your size and the corresponding car brands in the list, if not yet, then return to the previous topic and select your size from the list.
We disassemble Alfa Romeo 155 (iki 1995.05) 4 x
If you already know the size of your car’s rims, then look for your size and the corresponding car brands in the list, if not yet, then return to the previous topic and select your size from the list.
We disassemble Alfa Romeo 155 (iki 1995.05) 4 x 98 38 58.0
Alfa Romeo 155 - Car make (iki 1995.05) - before 05.1995, nuo - after 05.1995 4*98 - Disc bolt pattern (PCD) 38 - Disc comes out (ET)
58.0 - Hub diameter (CB)
The hub size may be larger than required (as on universal disks in cars), you should buy adapters for them, they cost 150 rubles/piece. (Shindorado on Sovetsky Prospekt)
Size list:
Bolt pattern 4*95.25 Rover MGF 4 x 95.25 35…30 56.6 Rover 100 4 x 95.25 35…42 56.6 Rover 114 4 x 95.25 35…30 56.6 Rover 214 4 x 95.25 35…30 56.6 Rover 220 4 x 95.25 56.6 Rover 416 4 x 95.25 56.6 Rover 420 4 x 95.25 56.6 Rover Maestro 4 x 95.25 35…42 56.6 Rover Montego 4 x 95.25 35…42 56.6 Rover T.Acclaim 4 x 95.25 35…30 56.6 Rover TR 6, 7 4 x 95.25 56.6
Bolt pattern 4*98 Alfa Romeo 33 4 x 98 30…38 58.5 Alfa Romeo 75 4 x 98 30…38 58.5 Alfa Romeo 145, 146 4 x 98 38 58.0 Alfa Romeo 155 (iki 1995.05) 4 x 98 38 58.0 Alfa Romeo 15 5 ( nuo 1995.05) 4 x 98 30…35 58.0 Alfa Romeo 164 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Fiat 124, 126 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Fiat Barchetta 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Fiat Brava 4 x 98 30…38 58. 0 Fiat Bravo 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Cinquecento 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Coupe 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Croma 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Marea 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Multipla 4 x 98 30 …38 58.0 Fiat Palio 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Panda 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Punto 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Regata 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Ritmo 4 x 98 30...38 58.0 Fiat Scudo 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Fiat Seicento 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Fiat Siena 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Fiat Tempra 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Fiat Tipo 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Fiat Uno 4 x 98 30… 38 58.0 VAZ 2101-2107 4 x 98 35…38 58.5 Lada Riva 4 x 98 35…38 58.5 Lada Samara 4 x 98 35…38 58.5 Lancia A112 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Lancia Y10, Y 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Lancia Beta 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Lancia Delta 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Lancia Delta 16V Turbo (nuo 1993 m.) 4 x 98 38 58.0 Lancia Delta HF Integrale (iki 1992 m.) 4 x 98 30 58.0 Lancia Delta HPE (nuo 1995 m.) 4 x 98 30 58.0 Lancia Dedra 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Lancia Dedra 2.0 16v Integrale (iki 1992 m.) 4 x 98 38 58.0 Lancia Dedra Turbo 4 x 98 30 58.0 Lancia Prisma 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Lancia Thema 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Lancia Trevi 4 x 98 30…38 58.0 Seat Ibiza (iki 1993 m.) 4 x 98 35…38 58.0 Seat Malaga 4 x 98 35…38 58.0
About the bolt pattern of VAZ wheel rims (4x98 and 4x100)
Rating 4.5 out of 5. Votes: 46
What is the bolt pattern on the VAZ 2110? 4x98. It often happens that you get wheels with a 4x100 bolt pattern from a foreign car for almost nothing. Do you know if it is possible to install 4x100 wheels on a VAZ? What is the best way to install them, and is it safe? |
First, let's figure out what the bolt pattern of VAZ 4x98 and 4x100 wheels means.
- 4 is the number of bolt holes.
- 98 and 100 are the diameter of the circle in mm on which they are located.
The third option is to use studs, for example from the cylinder head of a VAZ 2108, which are screwed into the hubs, and the disk itself is tightened with nuts, for example, from a Niva (see also Installing studs). It is also possible to use spacers that you can make yourself. Or buy ready-made ones. It is worth considering that the width of the spacer must be at least 20mm, therefore the wheel offset will increase by the same amount. As an option, use discs with a short offset to compensate for the offset of the spacers. If you have a lathe, you can make 4x100 holes in the disc hub. Thus, it becomes possible to install optionally 4x98 or 4x100 disks. If discs are installed incorrectly on a VAZ with a 4×100 bolt pattern, vibrations may appear at speed, and during sharp braking, death may occur, so before installation, think about safety first!
By the way, do you know what tires and wheels are suitable for the VAZ 2110?
How did you install 4x100 wheels on the VAZ? |
Photo source:
Che-guevaro logbook from Drive2.ru
Keywords:
xn--2111-43da1a8c.xn--p1ai
Will 4x98 wheels fit 4x100?
The trailer we purchased has a standard AvtoVAZ 4x98 hub.
There was a need to put larger wheels on it, 15″ to be precise. But as it turned out, stamping 4x98 R15 is a huge rarity! After searching the Internet, I realized that there are options to install Japanese wheels with 4x100 drill bits on 4x98 hubs. People who know, please tell me: are 4x100 wheels on a 4x98 hub worth it, is it realistic, what needs to be changed, what are the pitfalls? — Bolts with eccentric. Cheap, I don't know if it's reliable. People are driving. — Order adapter plates with the required bolt pattern from a turner. — Find 4*98 disks. In theory, from Fiat and Alfa Romeo, the previous models had the same bolt pattern.
Eccentrics approx. But I heard somewhere on the Internet that they get up like this, without modification... And Fiat and Alfa are extremely rare guests in the Siberian regions))))) Finding wheels is unrealistic.
on the drome for several weeks already they have been selling wheels from alpha of two types p15 and p16 casting true =) a friend put 15th stamps from Aveo on the nine - it was great, but it’s hard to turn =)
Casting is not an option unfortunately. We need stampings for the caps
And I think the third question is reliability. This is a TRAILER, without brakes and an engine, which means no dynamic load on the wheels. So I want to find out... If this is how they put it on cars and drive them, then the trailer shouldn’t even care.
Well, some people actually drill holes in the disks and don’t bother.